Download Zen of Analog Circuit Design by Anand Udupa PDF

By Anand Udupa

Zen of Analog Circuit layout

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From 2011 until 2013, I taught a direction titled Analog layout for all which lined thoughts beginning with MOS transistors and advanced until eventually the layout of two-stage amplifiers. The direction brought thoughts in a fashion that led the scholar to the synthesis of latest circuits, no longer basically their analysis. yet I nonetheless felt that there has been a extra intuitive option to introduce Analog Circuit layout, one who might deliver out the wonderful thing about the topic in order that the scholar might ‘stop and odor the roses’.

But why a ‘Zen of Analog’…?

Because the foundational options in Analog heavily reflect human relationships! the aim of this booklet is to take a simplified and intuitive route to free up a few profound secrets and techniques of Analog. The protagonist of this e-book is Ang-Lao, a medieval monk who brings his insights into the Analog international to resolve the demanding situations in human relationships.

The ebook addresses an issue assertion that a lot of Analog Circuit layout attempts to resolve - how do an ideal buffer? It starts off with the easy strategies of voltage resources and present resources. From the I-V curve of the MOS transistor, we see the way it behaves very like a Voltage managed present source (VCCS). The inherent problem in getting even an easy two-transistor circuit to paintings is the clash coming up from having such present source-like components in sequence. The digital inverter is proven to be one such circuit which can functionality like an analog amplifier, albeit over a slender variety of enter voltage. The impact of loading on the sort of circuit is illustrated graphically and is proven as an additional problem in getting it to paintings in an analog demeanour.

Having understood the issues concerned, we see how during the strikingly basic yet immensely strong idea of feedback, one of many transistors could be changed subtly to make it behave like a voltage resource. In that method, we detect our first approximation to a great analog buffer. We then see how manifestations of an identical idea leads us to the synthesis of a complete bunch of 2 transistor circuits - source followers, universal resource amplifiers with gm-load and with diode-connected load, and differential amplifiers . The innovations utilized in synthesis of such based circuits also are prolonged to the research of even more advanced circuits, for instance, a Voltage to present (V2I) conversion circuit. We introduce the idea that of small sign parameters, gm, gds, exhibiting the calculations for the achieve and output impedance of our circuits, and quantifying how strong each one of our buffers fairly are.

The narrative switches among thoughts of Electronics and the tale of Aman-Ra, an engineer from Medieval Egypt. being affected by his relationships, his guiding gentle is Ang-Lao, who teaches him the key to satisfied relationships.

For a few, this publication will sign the top of the phobia of Analog. For others, will probably be the beginning of a love tale.

Concepts covered

oI-V features of Voltage & present sources
oIdeal & non-ideal sources
oControlled sources
oActive and passive elements
oI-V features of a MOSFET
oMOS transistor as a Voltage managed present source
oDigital inverter as Analog amplifier
oOperating point
oCommon resource (CS) amplifier
oEffect of loading on a CS amplifier
oFeedback
oHow are you able to make a MOSFET behave like a voltage source?
oSynthesis of a CS amplifier with diode-connected load
oAnalysis of a V2I circuit together with an creation to present mirror
oSynthesis of CS amplifier with gm-load
oSynthesis of resource follower circuit
oSmall sign parameters: gm, gds
oSmall-signal achieve and output impedance
oSynthesis of a differential amplifier
oSynthesis of an Operational amplifier
oRealizing the buffer utilizing the Operational Amplifier

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Extra info for Zen of Analog Circuit Design

Example text

The important thing to keep in mind regarding the PMOS transistor is that the ‘Terminal voltage’ is VSD, the voltage from Source to Drain. The current flow direction is from Source to Drain. This is summarized in the table below. Terminal voltage of the transistor NMOS PMOS VDS VSD Terminal voltage in the circuit Vo VDD-Vo Controlling voltage of the transistor VGS VSG Controlling voltage in the circuit Vin VDD-Vin Drain to Source Source to Drain Current flow direction How does the I-V curve of the PMOS look when drawn based on its controlling voltage and terminal voltage?

Yes, our plain old digital inverter is what is going to be our guiding beacon into the world of Analog! Firstly, note that input Vin is applied to the Gates of both the NMOS and the PMOS. That is the reason both the PMOS and NMOS currents are shown as Id. To recap how the curves look, we show below the NMOS and PMOS curves side by side. We have already plotted them using the parameters of the circuit which are shared between the PMOS and NMOS – Vin, Vo and Id. This point of intersection would determine the operating point for Vo and would also correspond to a value of Id that is same for the two elements.

She is the mother of Aman-Ra and therefore the mother-in-law of UmanRa. Even back in those days, I am, guessing there would have been the concept of ‘inlaws’, so the entry of Mil-Ra should not come as a huge surprise to the readers- neither should the fact that Mil-Ra is not really an easy person to please! Mil-Ra has a laundry list of requirements that she expects Uman-Ra to fulfil daily for her. The response to this stimulus is shown abstractly as below. In that sense, it is a healthy response to the stimulus.

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