Download Third Millennium BC Climate Change and Old World Collapse by Fekri A. Hassan (auth.), H. Nüzhet Dalfes, George Kukla, PDF

By Fekri A. Hassan (auth.), H. Nüzhet Dalfes, George Kukla, Harvey Weiss (eds.)

Around 4000 years in the past the complicated city civilizations in Egypt, Mesopotamia and India all at once collapsed. What occurred? Did a protracted drought reason the breakdown of social order? contemporary discoveries from around the globe strongly aid the suspected hyperlink of the cave in with weather. the quantity offers the findings of greater than forty researchers and gives a evaluate at the appropriate info. it seems that a big shift of the precipitation development affected many components of the realm at nearly an identical time, with disastrous results at the nomadic populations of Asia, Africa and japanese Europe. Can an identical weather shift with a significant opposed impression on society take place back? In a global dealing with worldwide warming, there should be many classes to be realized from the reviews of historic societies.

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SO t_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ " .. ~ ",...... / ,. --' " ... ~, ...... ", +w 44 relation to geography (Liere and Lauffray 1954-55), and the Tiibingen Survey also visited some sites south of the Jebel. Until the past decade or two this region has been occupied nearly exclusively by migratory Bedouin of the Baggara tribe, one section of which primarily used the north side of the Jebel and the other the south side. For the most part this land was not cultivated. It lies in the transitional zone between dry farming and grazing land, and is especially sensitive to slight changes in precipitation.

With the onset of extreme long-term desiccation, this system failed. Although relatively minor technological adjustments, such as the institution of canal irrigation, might have allowed the continuation of the Early Bronze Age economic and social organization, this option was not taken. Instead, there was a major depopulation and are-adaptation in the way the population utilized the environment. The society transformed into a subsistence based economy of small village farmers and pastoralists. A synchronic view of the effect of desiccation on other Near Eastern societies shows us that not all communities were similarly affected.

1,2). The survey reached as far west as a line south from Ras al 'Ain. <#~I"""'I"" , , l:")Jebel , ,< _-----_ .... ,;' ..... , ........... N ~ ~ "".. '4 ... ' .. J ~~. _ Jebf2"""",.. . , -_ ..... -_... , ........ Jebel Abd al-Aziz. boundaries. The survey was carried out in the semi-arid steppe surrounding the 2. :f..... -......... ,. f .... SO t_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ " .. ~ ",...... / ,. --' " ... ~, ...... ", +w 44 relation to geography (Liere and Lauffray 1954-55), and the Tiibingen Survey also visited some sites south of the Jebel.

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