By Dennis Castillo
Malta is among the smallest countries on this planet, but has one of many longest histories of any state. The injuries of geology and geography produced an island on the heart of the Mediterranean with a wide harbor and abundant assets for the development of fortifications. consequently, the Maltese bore witness to a few of the nice conflicts in international background, from the Punic Wars, to Napoleon's conquests, to the North African and Mediterranean campaigns in the course of international battle II.
Covering the whole sweep of the island's heritage, Castillo argues that not just was once Malta's geographic situation severe, its humans performed a vital function in lots of of those struggles. The Maltese contributed principally to the security of the islands whilst invaded via the Ottoman Turks in 1565, and the folks rebelled opposed to French rule after Napoleon evicted the Knights of Malta. in the course of international struggle II, Malta turned a strategic hub for the Allies' Mediterranean crusade, and the islands persevered probably the most sustained and extensive bombing through the war— as much as 15 hundreds bombs according to sq. mile. contains chapters at the Knights of Malta, the 1565 siege, Napoleon's invasion, Malta's function in international conflict II, and glossy Malta.
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Extra info for The Maltese Cross: A Strategic History of Malta
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Mary of the Latins, staffed by Benedictine monks from Italy. By the mid-eleventh century there was a great increase in the number of pilgrims coming to the Holy Land. The original settlement was expanded to include a daughter house, known as St. Mary Magdalene, constructed about 1180 to provide shelter for female pilgrims. Soon after the establishment of the convent, a hospice was founded, dedicated to St. John the Baptist to care for pilgrims worn out by their long journey. 1 By the time the First Crusade reached Jerusalem on June 7, 1099, the Fatimid governor of Jerusalem had already expelled the Christian population.
He appointed John of Procida as chancellor of Aragon, placing him in control of the king's foreign policy. John regarded the Angevins as a great threat. He was particularly fearful of an alliance between Charles of Anjou and the Venetians against Byzantium which, if successful, would make Charles too powerful for Aragon to resist. 40 In 1279 he met secretly with the Byzantine Emperor Michael, Sicilian barons, and Pope Nicholas. The king of Aragon approved and supported the plan. In 1280, he again met the emperor, the pope, and the Sicilian barons.
A long truce ensued, but Carthage waited for an opportunity to avenge its defeat. This came in 410 when Segesta, an ally in Sicily, became involved in war. Carthage, with Segesta and the Phoenician cities of Sicily, went on the offensive. The allies captured and destroyed the coastal Sicilian city of Selinunte (Selinus), Segesta's longtime enemy. The Carthaginians then moved across Sicily toward Himera, picking up along the way support from native Sicel and Siculi towns. 9 In time, however, the Greeks recovered and during the fourth century Sicily was engulfed in a series of wars as the powerful city-state of Syracuse led the rest of the Greeks in campaigns to drive the Carthaginians out of Sicily.