By Nicholas J. Cull
Using newly declassified files and interviews with practitioners, Nicholas J. Cull has pieced jointly the tale of the ultimate decade within the lifetime of the U.S. details enterprise, revealing the choices and activities that introduced the U.S.' equipment for public international relations into disarray.
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Extra info for The Decline and Fall of the United States Information Agency: American Public Diplomacy, 1989–2001
Example text
As Russell recalled, the exchange program led the way. 60 * * * The Tiananmen Square crisis reopened the issue of whether the VOA’s editorials stated the policies of the US government. As required since the Carter years, the Voice maintained a special editorial office with a politically 30 Decline and Fall of the United States Information Agency appointed staff to generate material. The editorials were carried across the VOA’s output in all languages, labeled as an official statement. In times of particular crisis, editorials had to be cleared not only by the USIA’s own policy staff, but also by the State Department.
The locals loved it, 20 Decline and Fall of the United States Information Agency but to no avail. 18 The USIA was not the lead agency in the SEED initiative. The bulk of funds went to the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The prominence of USAID made sense in the short term, given the urgency of the situation and USAID’s experience administering large-scale grants. The USIA’s Eastern European Initiative office provided locally literate guidance, but a precedent had been set.
Unfortunately, the awareness of soft power did not percolate far. It would be more than a decade before the concept moved budgets on the Hill. In the meantime, the waning of the Cold 16 Decline and Fall of the United States Information Agency War robbed the agency of its most potent argument for funding and left the USIA an obvious target for “peace dividend” budget cuts. The initial task of Bush-era public diplomacy was to support the wave of reform in the Communist bloc and beyond. It also had to manage new strains in traditional alliances.