By Andrea Borini, Giovanni Coticchio
Oocyte cryopreservation includes very important capability merits for humanIVF, providing a much less ethically disputable substitute to embryo cryopreservation,simplifying and making more secure oocyte donation, and giving a chance forfertility maintenance to ladies liable to untimely ovarian failure as an effectof genetic components or chemo- or radiotherapies. Oocyte cryopreservation couldalso meet the expectancies of ladies wishing to maintain their fertility forsocial purposes. within the previous few years, advances in cryopreservationmethodologies have dramatically superior the potency of oocytecryopreservation, resulting in the start of over one thousand infants andchallenging the supremacy of embryo cryopreservation because the preferredform of fertility renovation. this article has been conceived with the purpose of supplying a entire view of the cutting-edge of oocyte cryopreservation. It covers basic thoughts of low temperature garage (controlled expense sluggish cooling andvitrification), facets of oocyte body structure correct to the method ofcryopreservation, crucial organic and scientific proof, and ethicalimplications of oocyte cryopreservation, thereby supplying a completeoverview of growth during this procedure in assisted replica.
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Extra resources for Preservation of Human Oocytes (Reproductive Medicine and Assisted Reproductive Techniques)
Example text
In this chapter the science of cryopreservation will be approached in a more practical and applied way. We know that freezing living cells is normally lethal, a fact that is put to practical use in cryosurgery. But we also know that cooling slows the chemical processes both of life and of decay and this has lead to the idea that “suspended animation” might be achieved by cooling. Successful preservation will then depend on reducing the destructive action of ice but allowing the protective effect of low temperatures, such that any damaging effects are greatly outweighed by the protective effects.
The zona pellucida is the glycoprotein coat surrounding the oocyte; it controls sperm penetration triggered under natural circumstances by the action of a single sperm binding to its receptors, inducing the release of cortical granules which enzymatically crosslink the glycoproteins and prevent further sperm penetration (8). If this physiological machinery is disrupted during cryopreservation, it can act to prevent oocyte– sperm interaction (9) even if other essential cell functions (such as normal membrane functions) have been successfully recovered.
58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 9 Vajta G, Holm P, Greve T, et al. Vitrification of porcine embryos using the Open Pulled Straw (OPS) method. Acta Vet Scand 1997; 38: 349–52. Cuello C, Gil MA, Parrilla I, et al. Vitrification of porcine embryos at various developmental stages using different ultra-rapid cooling procedures. Theriogenology 2004; 62: 353–61. Rizos D, Trudee F, Papadppoulos S, et al. Developmental, qualitative, and ultrastructural differences between ovine and bovine embryos produced in vivo or in vitro.