By Walter Greiner
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Sample text
G. L. M. Watson: Scattering Theory of Waves and Particles (McGraw-Hill, New York 1966). 21 1. Propagators and Scattering Theory 22 For the anti-unitary operation of time-reversal 6 T the situation is more complicated. The time-reversal operator T can be written as T = {;k where {; is a unitary operator and k stands for complex conjugation. T transforms a free state ¢(3(x, t) into another state with reversed momentum and reversed angular momentum. The time-reversed state will be symbolically denoted by ¢-{3.
8ft describes the absence of scattering, the second term where V appears once describes single scattering, the next term double scattering, etc. 29 30 1. g. heat conduction or two mutually permeating fluids, are determined solely by the gradients of the density. For example, a fluid of density e(x, t) tends to flow from a point, where the density is high, towards a region of low density. The current J is therefore assumed to be proportional to the gradient of the density: J = -D"Ve (1) , where the constant D is called the diffusion constant.
37). 2. 37) for a complex potential V is easily understood physically, since an absorptive potential (having a negative imaginary part of V(x, t» causes a reduction in the probability of finding the particle in a certain state. This means that 11/J~+)(x', t'W for t' ---+ ~ is in general smaller than l