By Terence Wise
Virtually continuous battle raged in Europe in the course of the interval 1300-1500. those wars have been the furnaces during which a few of the sleek ecu countries have been solid. Parallel with this emergence of the international locations got here the advance of nationwide armies to guard the newly-won borders and independence, but all through this era the previous feudal approach to elevating a military continued. This attention-grabbing research by way of Terence clever explores the service provider, guns and kit of the armies who fought throughout medieval Europe, from the Hundred Years struggle to the struggle opposed to the Moors in Spain and the French invasion of Italy.
Read or Download Medieval European Armies 1300-1500 PDF
Best europe books
The Times Illustrated History of Europe
Иллюстрации и полноцветные карты Оксфордского историка Fernandez-Armesto, являются захватывающим сопутствующим материалом к Атласу Европейской Истории. Автор прослеживает культурное, социальное, и политическое развитие Европы от его происхождения (10,000 до н. э. ) до настоящего момента. -Illustrations and full-color maps, this most up-to-date paintings from Oxford historian Fernandez-Armesto, editor of the days consultant to the Peoples of Europe, is an interesting significant other quantity to the days Atlas of eu heritage. the writer lines the cultural, social, and political evolution of Europe from its origins (c. 10,000 B. C. ) to the current day. --
Примеры страниц:
From Muslim to Christian Granada: Inventing a City's Past in Early Modern Spain
In 1492, Granada, the final self sufficient Muslim urban at the Iberian Peninsula, fell to the Catholic forces of Ferdinand and Isabella. A century later, in 1595, treasure hunters unearthed a few curious lead drugs inscribed in Arabic. The capsules documented the evangelization of Granada within the first century A.
Mineral and Thermal Waters of Southeastern Europe
This booklet brings jointly the most recent findings on mineral and thermal waters from international locations in Southeastern (SE) Europe (Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Macedonia, Albania, Romania and Bulgaria). every one bankruptcy is devoted to the newest geochemical and hydrogeological investigations for a selected state in SE Europe, aiding readers to appreciate the origins and purposes of mineral and thermal waters – elements that are of significant value for the industrial improvement of this area, as those waters are renewable assets, and feature been gaining in reputation over the past few a long time.
- The Origins of the Second World War in Europe
- Culture Wars: Secular-Catholic Conflict in Nineteenth-Century Europe
- Charlemagne
- Financial Institutions in Europe under New Competitive Conditions
- Moving Bases: Royal Navy Maintenance Carriers and Monabs
Additional resources for Medieval European Armies 1300-1500
Sample text
1 Diff. 1. 1999 versus 2000 comparison of July and August ground temperatures e:: ro' ~ N rt p; rt '"t:I V' ::l p.. Il> '"::lrt E.. Il> '"t:I '-< :< rt ::l .... " 00 ..... 2 Temperature Extremes Ground temperature minima and maxima showed a substantial variation from site to site with no latitudinal trend (Fig. 4). The variation in minima was likely to be associated with variable snow cover. From these data we can conclude that any of the sites (perhaps with the exception of the Scottish Highlands because of their maritime climate) may at one time experience ground temperatures as low as -13 DC at 10 cm belowground.
Haapasaari 1988; Virtanen et al. 1999b): orohemiarctic (upper treeline ecotone), lower oroarctic (low alpine), middle oro arctic (middle alpine) and upper oroarctic (high alpine}. An additional subnival zone is present on some high peaks. The orohemiarctic zone is characterised by scattered mountain birch and dwarf birch (Betula nana) heaths, scattered individual trees, grey willow scrub (Salix lapponum, S. glauca and S. lanata) and abundant Vaccinium myrtillus heath. In the lower oro arctic zone, V.
South of the Alpic system (sensu Ozenda 1985) or mid-latitude high mountains, further extensive mountain systems occur. These include the mountains of the Central Meseta in Spain, the southern Pyrenees, most of the Apennines, the mountains of Corsica, and the mountains of the Balkan Peninsula (such as parts of the Dinarids, and the Rhodopi and Rila mountains), which are neither temperate nor typically Mediterranean (Fig. 1). Each of these sub-Mediterranean mountains has its specific character. The forests at the treeline ecotone are often deciduous (Fagus sylvatica, Alnus viridis ssp.