By Giedre Mickunaite
How does a ruler develop into "the Great?" Is greatness part of authority exercised or part of a picture created? those and different questions are addressed during this quantity at the lifestyles and reminiscence of Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania (r.1392-1430). The learn increases a speculation that Vytautas used to be the most engineer of his photograph because the nice ruler, whereas his contemporaries and later generations constructed this photo and tailored it to their wishes and understandings. Investigating the propaganda surrounding the grand duke, this examine finds that, actually, there have been contrary photographs: that of an outstanding ruler and that of a tyrant. the ambiguity is that often those opposites have been in accordance with an analogous gains of the grand duke's personality or episodes from his biography. The learn relies on a big selection of written and visible assets in addition to on documents of oral culture. wealthy and numerous basic fabrics are analysed from the views of political and social historical past, memorial tradition, in addition to iconography and rhetoric.
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Extra info for Making a Great Ruler: Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania
Example text
However, the Orders hopes were dashed as, having spent two years in Prussia, Vytautas decided to return home. The Return In the summer of 1384, Vytautas left Prussia for Lithuania. On his way home, he devastated and plundered Teutonic castles, thus clearly stating his changed alliances. Regardless of the booty he brought, Jogaila was careful with his cousin: Vytautas was sent to Ruthenia and agreements concluded with Jogaila and his kin bound his government there. Even more important11 ly, the Duke was forbidden to receive foreign visitors.
Warsaw: PWN, 1985–97) [hereafter, Długosz, Annales]; and Joannis Długosz Senioris Canonici Cracoviensis Opera Omnia, ed. Alexander Przezdziecki, vol. 13, Joannis Długossii seu Longini Canonici Cracoviensi Historiae Poloniae libri XII, vol. 14, Libri XI. XII (Krakow: Czas, 1877) [hereafter, Długosz, Opera omnia]. Codex epistolaris Vitoldi, Magni Ducis Lithuaniae, 1376–1430, ed. Antoni Prochaska, Monumenta medii aevi historica res gestas Poloniae illustrantia 6 (Krakow: Academiae Literarum Cracoviensis, 1882) [hereafter CEV]; Codex epistolaris seaculi decimi quinti: Ab anno 1384 ad annum 1492, vol.
The most vivid manifestations of this image building include political statements, ceremonials, and diverse means of representation, as well as other peoples’ perceptions of the Grand Duke. Hence, the chapter is arranged in both thematic and chronological order. While not attempting to outline the history of Vytautas’ times, brief references to the major events are inevitable. THE EARLY YEARS The Troubled 1380s: A “Serpent in the Bosom” or a “Duke with Neither Men nor Lands” The Russian annals tell of the outcomes of the subsequent revolts in 1381 and 1382 as follows: they rose up against themselves, killing Grand Duke Kęstutis and his boyars, and Jogaila took over the Dukedom.