By Shahram Akbarzadeh
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This has been instrumental in making a growing number of them, including even some moderate Islamists who form the bulk of Muslim intellectuals and professionals – and whose cooperation is needed if the US wishes to rebuild bridges of understanding and trust with Muslims – to become amenable to radical Islamism. By the same token, some have even found it desirable to moderate their view of Bin Laden’s extremism and to regard him as a source of dignity and salvation. Dangerously enough, Bin Laden’s opposition to the US and Israel as well as to the US-backed dictatorial regimes in the Muslim world, and his call for the liberation of Muslim people and lands, have increasingly resonated well with many Muslims.
The respective leaders of the Taliban and al-Qaeda, Mullah Mohammad Omar and Osama Bin Ladin, are still at large. Their networks’ opposition activities have continued in Afghanistan at the cost of increasing US and Afghan troop casualties, especially since the start of 2005, although not on a scale seriously to threaten the US-backed government of President Hamid Karzai in Kabul. Al-Qaeda and its associated groups have managed to remain active, with some spectacular operations in different parts of the world, especially the Middle East, Europe and Southeast Asia.
In effect, pan-Islam went underground, re-emerged spectacularly, and attacks the status quo in the name of a ‘tradition’ that has only relatively recently appeared. 19 Although he did not directly say what the benchmark was, it likely refers to the demise of the caliphate in 1924. This interpretation is consistent with general Islamist accounts that link European, specifically British, intervention with local secularising regimes – here Atatürk – to explain the collapse of Muslim unity. 20 The juridical bifurcation of the world into Islamic and non-Islamic realms has gained new currency as purportedly Muslim states fall into the non-Islamic category.