By Guillermo Gonzalez
Delivering broader insurance than different oscillator layout books out there, this accomplished source considers the whole frequency diversity, from low-frequency audio oscillators to extra complicated oscillators came across on the RF and microwave frequencies. full of over 1,200 equations, the publication offers a radical knowing of the foundations and perform of oscillator circuit layout and emphasizes using timesaving CAD simulation ideas. overlaying the speculation, features, and layout of an incredibly big range of oscillators, this crucial ebook serves as a one-stop connection with the sensible wisdom pros want for his or her tough tasks within the box.
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Extra resources for Foundations of Oscillator Circuit Design
Example text
37) +1 The imaginary part of  ( j ) comes from the first and third term in the denominator, namely the odd-power terms. 38) At the frequency of oscillation the phase-shift network produces a phase shift of 180°. 26 the resistors R1 and R 2 provide an inverting gain of v R A vo = o = − 2 vf R1 Hence, the start of oscillator condition is satisfied if R1 and R 2 are selected to provide | A vo | > 29. 38) if the gain is | A vo | > 29. The loading of the op amp is minimized by making R1 > 10R. 26 could have been implemented by interchanging R and C in the phase-shift sections.
The loading of R1 can be neglected if R1 || R ≈ R, or in some cases by removing R in the third stage and letting R1 = R. 26 37 A phase-shift oscillator using a single op amp. 37) +1 The imaginary part of  ( j ) comes from the first and third term in the denominator, namely the odd-power terms. 38) At the frequency of oscillation the phase-shift network produces a phase shift of 180°. 26 the resistors R1 and R 2 provide an inverting gain of v R A vo = o = − 2 vf R1 Hence, the start of oscillator condition is satisfied if R1 and R 2 are selected to provide | A vo | > 29.
17. Another way of stabilizing the amplitude of oscillation is to use a thermistor in the circuit. Thermistors with positive- and negative-temperature coefficients are available. A negative-temperature coefficient thermistor has a resistance that decreases as the temperature increases. 15 a negativetemperature coefficient thermistor can be used for R 2 . Hence, as the amplitude of oscillation increases, the current in R 2 increases and its resistance decreases, resulting in a decrease in A vo which makes  ( j o ) A vo = 1.