By Richard F. Staar (eds.)
Beginning with a quick old creation to the relationships among the East-Central eu countries and the USSR, this quantity discusses fresh kinfolk lower than Gorbachev and tasks the near-term destiny for those risky nations.
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Example text
21 At a minimum, this principle threatened Soviet hegemony over the ruling East European parties outfitted by Stalin with all the accoutrements of national sovereignty. At worst, the principle of the full independence of "ethnic" communist parties was a potential program for the fragmentation of the CPSU into national components and for the disintegration of the USSR into separate national states. 24 East-Central Europe and the USSR The dynamics of this inherent conflict between independent national communist parties and the multinational CPSU played themselves out not only during Stalin's conflict with the Yugoslav party, but during Khrushchev's conflicts with the Chinese, Albanian, and Romanian parties; Brezhnev's conflicts with the Chinese, Czechoslovak, Romanian, and Albanian parties; and even during Gorbachev's disputes with the anti-perestroika leaderships of the East European and overseas ruling parties.
The USSR security guarantee also diminished the incentive for the ruling parties to manage their societies and economies efficiently. These two counterproductive results of the security guarantee combined to exacerbate the crises endemic to the centrally planned economies of Eastern Europe. Furthermore, as Valerie Bunce noted in her aptly titled article, "The Empire Strikes Back," the greater the domestic political crises in Eastern Europe, the greater the economic subsidies the beleaguered Soviet economy had to provide to the CPSU's clients.
Just prior to the CPSU Congress in July 1990, ethnic Russian members of the conservative communist party apparatus, at the core of the former socialist commonwealth, assumed the leadership of a spontaneous movement to create for the first time a separate communist party of the Russian republic. Despite the "conservative" and "imperial" character of the fledgling leadership of the Russian Communist Party, the formation of a separate Russian communist party constituted (against the wishes of the party's founders) both a renunciation of ethnic Russia's identification with the cause of communism in the non-Russian republics and an implicit renunciation of Russia's messianic tradition of rule over non-Russians.