By Dr. J. Derek Bewley, Dr. Michael Black (auth.)
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Extra info for Physiology and Biochemistry of Seeds in Relation to Germination: Volume 2: Viability, Dormancy, and Environmental Control
Sample text
Under some fluctuating conditions, therefore, it is possible that equation (3) is still applicable. A compensating equation may be applicable for estimation of the "effective temperature" of a fluctuating temperature regime (and similarly for an "effective moisture content"): I og {l: [W x antilog (tC 100 Te= l )] Cz l J ' where Te= effective temperature [substituting for t in Eq. (3)], t= recorded temperature in DC, W= percentage time spent at each temperature t, and C z is the constant applied to Eq.
In rye, a poly(A)-containing RNA fraction with mRNA-like activity has been extracted from dry, non-viable embryos, and its activity is retained for 24 h following imbibition [135]. The activity ofthis fraction is not as great as that of viable embryos, but the fact that it is present suggests that lesions to other components of the protein-synthesizing complex preclude its use during and following imbibition. It is not known if ribosomes or supernatant factors from non-viable embryos of rye, or of other species of seeds, can catalyse the in vitro synthesis of proteins using a natural, rather than a synthetic mRNA, a process that also would require the participation of initiation factors, whose fate has not been studied.
After Roberts, 1972 [24] 40 Viability and Longevity however (45 0 C at 18% moisture content), where the mean viability period is less than 1 week, the frequency of aberrant cells is less than that for all other treatments. A similar phenomenon has been reported for two lettuce seed cultivars [102, 174]. Hence the generally excellent correlation between loss of viability and accumulation of chromosome damage in survivors appears to break down when seeds are treated too severely. We can only speculate that maybe under conditions of accelerated deterioration some cytoplasmic (non-nuclear) lesions which lead to loss of viability occur at a faster rate than does the breakage of chromosomes.