By J. G. Salway
Providing a concise, illustrated precis of biochemistry and its relevance to medical medication, scientific Biochemistry at a look is meant for college students of medication and the biomedical sciences reminiscent of food, biochemistry, activities technology, clinical laboratory sciences, physiotherapy, pharmacy, body structure, pharmacology, genetics and veterinary technological know-how. It additionally presents a succinct overview and reference for scientific practitioners and biomedical scientists who have to speedy refresh their wisdom of scientific biochemistry.
The booklet is designed as a revision consultant for college kids getting ready for examinations and includes subject matters which have been pointed out as 'high-yield' evidence for the us clinical Licensing exam (USMLE), Step 1.
This 3rd edition:
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Extra resources for Medical Biochemistry at a Glance (3rd Edition)
Example text
Treatment with a low carbohydrate, ketogenic diet has been advocated but with limited success. ) MELAS is caused by a mitochondrial DNA mutation of the gene encoding leucine transfer RNA. This mutation affects translation of Aerobic production of ATP Formation of ATP: oxidation and reduction reactions 31 Biosynthesis of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation I 12 H+ H+ H+ + H+ + H + H H + H H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ ATP oxaloacetate malate Inhibited by CN–, CO and N – 3 fumarate succinate ADP + Pi 1/ NADH+H+ 2H+ NAD+ 2H+ Complex II (succinate dehydrogenase) FAD FADH2 FMNH2 FMN QH2 2O2 2H+ 2H+ Complex III (ubiquinonecytochrome c oxidoreductase) H2O 2H+ Complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) 2H+ Proton pump Proton pump 4H+ 4H+ Inhibited by rotenone and amytal ATP synthetase (F1) H+ matrix H+ Complex V H+ H+ inner membrane cyt c (red) H+ H+ Oligomycin Proton channel (FO) QH2 2H+ H+ Complex IV (cytochrome oxidase) intermembrane space Proton pump H+ H+ H+ 2H+ Protons return as a “proton current” to the matrix through the proton channel in the FO particle.
2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 2 Electron transport in the respiratory chain. The diagram details the flow of electrons from the Krebs cycle intermediates malate and succinate via the electron transport chain (complexes I, II, III and IV) to oxygen. Mitochondriopathies There are several disorders of the respiratory chain. Many are transmitted by maternal inheritance as generally all mitochondria in the ovum are of maternal origin. The thousands of mtDNA molecules in one cell are distributed randomly to the daughter cells, therefore different tissues may harbour a mixture of both normal and mutant mtDNA (heteroplasmy).
Mitochondriopathies There are several disorders of the respiratory chain. Many are transmitted by maternal inheritance as generally all mitochondria in the ovum are of maternal origin. The thousands of mtDNA molecules in one cell are distributed randomly to the daughter cells, therefore different tissues may harbour a mixture of both normal and mutant mtDNA (heteroplasmy). Accordingly the clinical phenotype is highly variable. Mutations in nuclear genes encoding proteins for the respiratory chain are transmitted autosomally and usually cause a more severe disease.