Download Human Paleoneurology by Emiliano Bruner (eds.) PDF

By Emiliano Bruner (eds.)

The e-book offers an integrative evaluate of paleoneurology, the examine of endocranial morphology in fossil species. the focus is on displaying how computed tools can be utilized to help advances in evolutionary neuroanatomy, paleoanthropology and archaeology and the way they've got contributed to making a totally new point of view in cognitive neuroscience. additionally, due to its multidisciplinary process, the e-book addresses scholars and researchers drawing close human paleoneurology from assorted angles and for various reasons, comparable to biologists, physicians, anthropologists, archaeologists and computing device scientists. the person chapters, written via foreign specialists, signify authoritative stories of crucial issues within the box. the entire ideas are awarded in an easy-to-understand type, making them available to school scholars, rookies and likewise to an individual drawn to realizing how tools like biomedical imaging, electronic anatomy and computed and multivariate morphometrics can be utilized for examining ontogenetic and phylogenetic adjustments in response to the foundations of sensible morphology, morphological integration and modularity.

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Additional resources for Human Paleoneurology

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More P. de Ó Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 E. 1007/978-3-319-08500-5_3 39 40 P. Gunz recently computed tomography (CT) has made it possible to study virtual endocasts created on the computer (Conroy et al. 1998, 1999; Tobias 2001; Zollikofer and Ponce de León 2005; Schoenemann et al. 2007; Weber and Bookstein 2011). The two aims of this chapter are to review (1) the most recent advances in the quantitative analysis of endocranial shape, and (2) techniques of virtual fossil reconstruction.

2003, 2004, 2009; Bruner 2004; Bruner and Manzi 2007). Over the last three decades GM methods have changed the way researchers quantify and visualize shape differences (for reviews of these methods see: Bookstein 1991, 1996; Rohlf and Marcus 1993; Richtsmeier et al. 2002; Adams et al. 2004; Slice 2007; Mitteroecker and Gunz 2009). The popularity of GM stems from the sound mathematical foundation and the intuitive visualizations. In the second section of this chapter I will show how GM can be applied to the study of endocasts, and discuss advantages and limitations of these methods.

A large portion of reorganization may have taken place at the molecular level during human evolution independent of changes in brain size. For example, patterns of cortical innervation for dopamine, acetylcholine, and serotonin have been shown to differ among humans, chimpanzees, and macaques. D. C. Sherwood with higher cognition, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (area 9) and the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (area 32) in the frontal cortex, whereas innervation in the primary motor cortex (area 4) is more similar among the three species (Raghanti et al.

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