By H. H. Dale (auth.)
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Sample text
Glial cells as intermediaries in nutrition. The close investment of the cerebral capillaries by processes from astrocytes has naturally led to the suggestion that they may act as intermediaries in the nutrition of the neurones; thus, in making a suggestion of this sort, SCHULTZet al. (t957) state that they were impressed with the manner in which astrocytes and their cytoplasm filled in the interstices in the neuropil, their total volume constituting a notable fraction of the bulk of the grey matter.
PAPPENHEIMERet al. perfused creatinine, inulin and Diodrast from lateral ventricle to cisterna magna of the goat and showed that these substances were absorbed to different extents, the remarkable feature being the high rate of absorption of Diodrast by comparison with that of the smaller creatinine molecule; this suggested an active transport process, similar to the tubular secretion of this substance by the kidney (but in the reverse direction), and this was proved by showing that the rate of passage from cerebrospinal fluid to blood was some t 5 times the rate of passage from blood to cerebrospinal fluid.
These quantitative studies give us a measure of the escape of substances from the cerebrospinal fluid, which m a y take place directly into the blood of the choroid plexuses and of the pial circulation, and less directly by way of the nervous tissue. e. t h a t the nervous tissue participates in exchanges with cerebrospinal fluid, is proved b y m a n y qualitative studies in which the tissue has been analysed either chemically, or b y radioautography in the case of isotopically labelled material.