Download Chromatic Cinema: A History of Screen Color by Richard Misek PDF

By Richard Misek

Chromatic Cinema offers the 1st wide-ranging historic evaluation of monitor colour, exploring the altering makes use of and meanings of colour in relocating photographs, from hand portray in early skirt dance movies to present developments in electronic colour manipulation. * deals either a background and a idea of reveal colour within the first full-length examine ever released* presents an in-depth but obtainable account of color's unfold via and supreme effacement of black-and-white cinema, exploring the technological, cultural, fiscal, and creative components that experience defined this evolving symbiosis* Engages with movie experiences, paintings heritage, visible tradition and expertise reports in a really interdisciplinary demeanour* comprises sixty five full-color illustrations of movies starting from Expressionist animation to Hollywood and Bollywood musicals, from the U.S. ’indie' growth to1980s neo-noir, Hong Kong cinema, and up to date comic-book movies

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In terms of inscribing color onto a negative, Technicolor was thus an additive process. In terms of projecting color onto a screen, only Technicolor Number I (1915) was additive. In Technicolor Number I, color was added to blackand-white prints in cinemas, by means of special projectors that included red-orange and blue-green filters. The complexity of the projectors required an operator who, in the oft-repeated words of Herbert Kalmus, “was a cross between a college professor and an acrobat” (1967: 52).

Their initial choice was to use color primarily for musicals. Of the 18 films to include Technicolor in 1929, 14 were musicals; of the 29 films to include it in 1930, 25 were musicals (Limbacher 1969: 269). Color and music have historically been regarded as having a natural affinity, and the word “chromatic” is used with reference to both. When Aristotle asserted the presence of seven primary colors, it was so that they might correspond to the seven notes of the diatonic scale. 17 Similarly, when Newton divided the infinite colors of the spectrum into seven “simple” colors in his 1671–2 revision of the “Optical Lectures,” he tentatively explained this arbitrary division by suggesting that color harmonies were “perhaps analogous to the concordance of sounds” (Shapiro 1994: 619).

In toning, only the opaque areas of the film positive absorb color; the clear portions remain unaltered, resulting in an image in which the highlights are colorless while the midtones and shadows adopt the color of the dye. Philippe Dubois succinctly summarizes the difference between the two when he refers to tinting as “black-and-color” and toning as “color-andwhite” (1995: 75). Through tinting and toning, early cinema reached a new level of chromatic mixture. Black-and-white and color chemically combined to create images in which the hue was the product of a colored dye but the tone was that of a monochrome photographic image.

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